Right-hand Rule
When making the hitchhiker's thumb, the thumb points in the direction of the flow. The fingers wrap around the hand in the direction of magnetic fields.
Induction
Magnetism doesn't like change so when the creator of a magnetic field tries to flow in a direction, magnetism induces an opposite flow to slow it down. That's why magnetic fields look like a butterfly. The fingers wrap around in both directions.
When there are two wires next to each other and one has flow going through it, the magnetic field can be large enough to wrap around both wires, inducing flow in a wire that was static. In return, it also causes induction and creates an even stronger magnetic field back at the original wire, strengthening its flow.
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A capacitor blocks dc A capacitor is like a rubber band. The higher the voltage, the higher the resistance to it. An inductor blocks ac, shorts DC. Resists large Metaphor is a hose expanding the more force you put into it Inductor requires a lot of energy to get it started and a while for it to slow down, or a lot of energy to stop it completely. It resists sudden voltage changes.
Capacitor leads the current Inductor lags the current
Transformer -
Inductor
An inductor is a coil where the wire comes into parallel with itself..